가야고분군 아카이브

초록(영문)

The Kaya(加耶) Kingdoms were the first foreign nations recognized by Wajin in Nippon islands in 1 B,C, and remained as the political and cultural partners until the middle of 6th Century. Iron ingots and other advanced Kayan culture and goods became the key factors determining the fates of the authorities in Nippon islands, Betaween 5th and 6th Century, the relationship with the Yamato Kingdom had also become an essential military and diplomatic element for the Kaya Kingdom facing the threat from Silla and Paekje Kingdoms. The Kaya-style remains found in Nippon islands and the Yamato-style remains unearthed in Kaya region tell the relationship of the two Kingdoms, The exchange is also described in Sanguozhi, mhonshogi and Samguksagi, In this study, I have reconstructed the mstory of the relationships between the Yamato Kingdom and the ATa Kingdom, one of the main power of the Kaya Kingdoms, Corresponcling remains and artifacts in Haman area(Ara) and Nishi Nippon(Yamato) were screened and the explanations for the contemporary accounls were presented as follows. ① The significance and status of the Ara Kingdom in the Kaya-Yamato exchanges were discussed, ② The Ara(安羅)-Yamato(倭) exchanges were examined in three stages during 3rd-4th, 5th and 6th Centuries, ③ The handed-down documents of uncertain date were screened according to the archaeological findings and some of them were presented as the traces of the Ara people migrated to Nippon islands, The Kaya-Yamato relationship was dosely connected to the development of the Kaya mstory, While the Karak Kingdom in Kimhae had been the center of the early Kaya Kingdoms originated from the Southern costal area and the Daekaya Kingdom of Koryong was the power of the late Kaya Kingdoms deployed in the Northern inland area, the Ara Kingdom in Haman(咸安) remained one of the central and powerful kingdoms(大國) throughout the Kaya history. The Ara remains in Nippon islands also represented whole Kaya period in contra;;t to the fact that the early Kaya artifacts of the islands displayed IK:'1Iy the Karak style but me late ones showed predominantly me Daekaya stvle, implying that Ara remained as a constant partner to Yamato while Daekaya was replacing Karak. Ara-style Letter l type(工字形) and Flame-shaped(火炫形) Mounted Dishes along with Yamato-style Hajikis(士師器) were unearthed in Kaya tombs of Hyondong site near Jindongbay of Masan which was a main port to Yamato, indicating that Ara and Yamato were connected through Jindong bay, South Sea, Tsusima Island, and Iki Island to Nomern Kyusyu coast. 111e archaeological materials regarding Ara-Yamato exchange found in Nipp:m island~ were sorted according to the stages of the Kaya-Yamato relationship and tl1e interpretations for the written documents were also presented. ①3rd-4th Centuries; The late 3rd-Century pottery products from the Aya Kingdom and their imitations were discovered Tsusima(對馬島), Oita(大分), Osaka(大阪), Wakayama(和歌山) and Simane(島根). This finding tells that the Aya Kingdom became a power as described in Sanguozhi and directly coitesponded wid1 Nippon islands. ② 5th Century; The Mounted Warrior with Twin Horn Cups(騎馬人物形土器) similar to me Kaya figure depicting a warrior fighting against Kokuryo troops in early 5th Century found in Nara(奈良) in Japan. Ara fought a battle with Kokuryo as described in the tomb stone of the King Kwanggaeto(廣開土王陵碑) and d1e real Horse Amour depicted in d1e figure was unearthed in Magap tomb (馬甲塚) in Haman. On d1e omer hand, me Triangular Plate Amour and me dear-horn Sword Handle Omament(直孤文鹿覺濟道檢長九) of Yamato style were found in Haman in Korea. These facts reveal a facet of the political and military negotiation between Ara and YaImto to ftght against Kokuryo-Silla aggression around 5th Century. Kawachinoatahi(關中費直) and Ayahito(世人) involved in the production of me bronze miITor of me Sudahachiman Shrine in Wakayama appeared to be me Ara people moved to Yamato who became the selvants to a Yamato King and possibly me

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