가야고분군 아카이브

초록(영문)

Ulsan Located in the Southeastern Region of the Korean Peninsula, Is Enclosed by East Sea to the East, Nakdong Mountain Range to the West, Branch of the Yongcheon Range to the South and Branch of the Homi Range to the North. It Is Connected by the Structural Valley and River Running Through It. In Accordance with These Natural Features, It Is Divided into Four Areas - Northern, Central, Western and Southern Part- Showing Different Appearances of Ancient Tombs That Have Been Built in Each Part.
 Taehwa River Sets Boundaries on the North and South, and Joins the Dongcheon River at the Downstream. The Dongcheon River Which Runs into the South, Marks the Boundary between Northern and Central Part. Yangsan Structural Valley Runs a Long Extension from Gimhae, Busan to Pohang, with the Western Part Located in the Middle of the Structural Valley.
 Massive Ancient Tombs Are Distributed around Joongsandong in the Northern, Daundong in the Central, Hasamjeong in the Western and Daedaeri in the Southern Part. Through the Literature Record, it is Identified that the Political Organizations Have Existed Early on in Yoolpohyeonto in the East, Goolahwahyeon in the Centre, Geojihwahyeon in the West and Woohwahyeon, Saengseohyeon in the South.
 Ancient Tombs identifying the Presence of the Political Organizations, Had Been Left as a Result of Ritual Behavior of Burial. Through the Structure of an Ancient Tomb and Grave Goods, One May Comprehend The Status of the Buried, the Social System, And Group Identity of Its Time. The Ancient Graves in Ulsan Region have developed in the order of Wooden Chamber Tomb, Stone Chamber Tomb, and Stone Room Tomb. The Major Properties of the Wooden/Stone Chamber Tomb Are the Plane Shape and Combination of Excavated Relics, Whereas Aspect Ratio of Main Hall, The Location of the Door, And the First Placement Position of Laying the Dead are of the Stone Room Tomb. The Plane Shape Contains Space-time Specific. The Combination of Excavated Relics involves the Social System. The Aspect Ratio of Main Hall, And the Location of the Door shows Effectiveness. 
 As a Result of the Combination of Properties, the Original Wooden Chamber Tomb, Stone Covered Wooden Chamber Tomb and Stone Chamber Tomb are verified as TypesⅠ~Ⅴ, Tomb With Chamber Mounted by Stone Are Types Ⅱ~Ⅴ, And Stone Room Tomb Are TypesⅠ~Ⅵ. Of the Original Wooden Chamber Tomb, Stone Covered Wooden Chamber Tomb and Stone Chamber Tomb, TypeⅠ Is Combined by Gilt-bronze Crown, Armor and Helmet That are Symbols of the Supreme Power. Type Ⅱ Is a Combination of Harnessry And Sword. Ⅲ Type consists of Spear And Arrowhead, Types of Weaponry. Type Ⅳ Is Comprised of Metal Artifacts Including Tools for Farmers and Manufacturers, Accessories Etc.. The Metal Artifacts Wasn't Buried in TypeⅤ .
 The Entrance Was Established on the Whole Short Wall in Stone Room Tomb Type Ⅰ with Lined Entrance Stlye, the Right Side of the Short Wall in Type Ⅱ and on the Left Side of the Short Wall in Type Ⅲ. The Vestibule Was Spotted on Right Side in Type Ⅳ with Lined Entrance Stlye, on the Left Side In Type Ⅴ And at Its Center In Type Ⅵ. There’re a Lot of Mixed Placement for the Location of the Door And the Main Direction of First Place Position of Laying the Dead.
 The Ancient Tomb Culture in Ulsan was checked in 10 Stages Through the Transformation of Types of Mounted Dishes.
 The First Stage is a Time of the Appearance of Burying Armor and Helmet and Stone Covered Wooden Chamber.
 In the Second Stage The Original Wooden Chamber Tomb Is a Center of the Burial Ways, When the Main & Annex Chamber with Two Pits, That It’s ‘呂’-Shaped, Has First Appeared.
 It was Time of Acceptance Period for Stone Covered Wooden Chamber Tomb in the Central Part, Stone Chamber Tomb in the Western Part over the Third Stage.
 Stone Covered Wooden Chamber Tomb Seemed to Spread to the Western Part and Stone Chamber Tomb to the Central Part in the Fourth Stage.
 It was Time of Coexistence of the Original Wooden Chamber Tomb, Stone Covered Wooden Chamber Tomb, Tomb With Chamber Mounted by Stone and Stone Chamber Tomb in the Fifth Stage. The ‘ㅏ’-Shaped of Plane Shape Had Been Built in the Northern Part, the ‘T’-Shaped Had Been Constructed in the Western Part.
 It was the time of the Beginning of Construction for Stone Room Tomb That Had Lined Entrance Stlye, Thin Rectangle Plane Shape in the Southern Part over the Sixth Stage. 
 The Seventh Stage was the Start of Building Stone Room Tomb That Had Lined Entrance Stlye, Rectangle Plane Shape.
 It Was the Start of the Construction for Stone Room Tomb That Had Lined Entrance & Aisle Stlye, Square-shaped and Multi-Chambers Tomb in the Eighth Stage.
 It Was the Time of Building Stone Room Tomb That Was Different from the Boundaries of a Grave, Forming Independent Crowd In the Ninth Stage, Which Continued until the 10 Stages.
 The Appearance of the Political Organizations Is Acknowledged by the start of the Coffin Tomb in the 1st Century AD, Large Wooden Chamber Tomb in the Latter Half of the Second Century in Ulsan Region. In Spite of Burial System Differences at Each Part, Ulsan Region Based on the Cultural Element in Itself, Had an Equal Position of Gyeongju Region untill the Third Stage. 
 It Was Worth Considering the Politic Group, When Reviewed the Size and Burial Relics Which Were Hierarchic in Ancient Tombs around the Uhsisangook with Hadae Spot as the Center at the Southern Part, Besides to the Joongsandong at the Northern, Daundong at the Central and Hasamjeong at the Western Part in Prior to the Shilla's Occupation.
 In the Closest Northern Part of Gyeongju, From the Fourth Stage, It Was Not Made Up of Burying Armor and Helmet, Rather It Changed to Be Full of Shila’s Pottery. As a Result, It’s Viewed That the Shilla Occupation Started at This Stage. Then In the Central&Western Parts Elite Grave Goods of Shilla Including Gilt-bronze Crown Were Buried in the Sixth Stage, And It Can Be Determined That It Was Occupied a Little Later, Judging from the Interruption of Burying Armor and Helmet. And Lastly, Though It Is Difficult to Conclude Due to Lack of Information, the Most Distant Southern Part Is Found to Be Occupied the Latest, Observing the Size and Scope, Etc. of the Large Mounded Grave Distributed around Daedaeri. 
 Ulsan Had Created Organizational Unit in the Common Cultural Area of the Southern Part of the East Sea And Interacted With Other Political Organizations Around the Region. The Northern Part Reflects Many Elements of Ancient Tombs from Gyeongju. Central Part reflects Tombs from Gyeongju and Busan. Western Part Reflects Tombs of Gimhae And Southern Part Shows Many Elements of Tombs from Busan. As Connected in All Directions on the Natural Topography, It’s Presumed Traffic of Culture and People Were Remarkably Brisk through the Land and Sea. There Was Diversity As Native Culture Since Ancient Times Had Harmonized with the Outside Culture From Shila&Gaya, Nakrang of Chinese Han and Japan. 
 Ulsan Had Seen Growth of Organizational Unit Before It Was a Province of Shilla. Considering That Large Mounded Graves with Elements of Ancient Tombs of Ulsan Were Constructed Even after the Shilla's Occupation, It Can Be Determined That the Position of the Organizational Unit had been preserved.

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