가야고분군 아카이브

초록(영문)

The subject of this thesis is to examine the efforts that the Local Gentries in the former Kaya regions made for their survival and development in the period of the Later Three Kingdoms. In the late period of Silla there had been shaped a critical atmosphere in the former Kaya regions like Kimhae and Chinju. It was showed in the revolt of Kim Hon-ch'ang(822) the incident of Wang Ko-in(888) and the invasion on the capital by Red Trousered Banditti(Chokkojok)(896) etc. Those served as a momentum to accelerate the appearance of local gentries in these regions. So Yul-hee a local government official in Jinye-song Kimhae-pu grew into local gentry as he posessed the position of Jijegunsa toward 892. After he hold the Kumgwan-song in common with his brother So Chung-ja toward 897 So Yul-hee dominated the whole region of Kimhae-bu including Changwon and Kimhae. On the other hand the incident of Wang Ko-in the disturbance in Haein-sa temple and the rising of Gaehwon were related to the appearance of local gentries in Chinju. Cha Yun-ung who grew into maritime power through trade trained personal armed force and expeled the existing officials with Wang Pong-gyu in 890. As he appeared as local gentry an unitary power was shaped in the region of Chinju including Koch'ang and Hapch'on. The very power defended the invasion on Taeya-song(Hapch'on) by Kyonhwon in 901. The ancestral rites of Suro the founder of Kumgwan Kaya Wanghu-sa temple and other things related to the tradition of Kaya were preserved intact in Kimhae until the late period of Silla. Especially the ancestral rites of King Suro was an important factor to strengthen the solidarity among Kimhae people although it once discontinued after the collapse of Kumgwan Kaya. In addition restoration movements of Koguryo and Paekche respectively had seemed to influence on development of political movements in Kimhae. There was no concrete records about the political movements in Kimhae some activities of local powers helped me feel the atmosphere of Kaya restoration movements. An example of those powers is Shimhee a descendant of Kaya and monk affiliated to Son Buddhism. He declined the call of Queen Chinsong and acted mainly in remote region of Silla which showes his political inclintion against Silla. Then he accepted the offer of So Yul-hee a local gentry in Kimhae and tried to realize his political ideal. Another examples were indigenous powers like the Younggyu faction and the Gyurim faction. They were the same descendants of King Suro but had different backgrounds. While the Gyurim faction was composed of aboriginal families in the province the Younggyu faction came from the hard-up members of the central aristocracy. The conflicts that they brought in relation to conducting the ancestral rites of King Suro showed a leadership struggle between them. The third example in this article is Kim In-kwang a Confucianist and Head-Rank Six Aristocracy. He had been a central government offial but he recognized the limitations of central politics and tried to realize his political ideal in Kimhae. He could spread Confucianism and concentrate the anti-government personage centering around school. On this situation So Yul-hee made use of the tradition of Kaya for concenrtating the local powers. On the basis of this coalition So Yul-heenothing but a local offical could grow to the dominator of the whole region of Kimhae-pu. And their political efforts have the historical meaning of the restoration movement of Kaya. The domestic situations toward 907 manaced local gentries in both Kimhae and Chinju. And they tried to meet with the situations by forming a coalition Considering the facts that the two regions adjoining each other were the former Kaya regions and there was an atmosphere for restoration of Kaya in Kimhae it might be said that the local gentries in the former Kaya regions allyed themselves for the rstoration of Kaya. That coalition power could increase in force enough to defend the invasion of the Later Paekche in 916 and became an important variable in power relation of the Later Three Kingdoms. For this reason the former Kaya regions had got the earnest concerns from the Later Three Kingdoms since 918 and established friendly relations with Silla and Koryo respectively. Then the Later Paekche attempted to subjugate the former Kaya regions but the Later Three Kingdoms through a peace accord made the regions neutralize. The neutalization could have been used as a chance for a continuing development of the former Kaya regions but resulted in the split of the regions. As King T'aejo(Wang Kon's posthumous title) strengthened his southward politics and Kyohwon attempted to cope with it the former Kaya regions was split off in real earnest. Through the Chomul-song Battle in 924 and Koul-pu Battle in 925 Kyohwon could occupy the west parts of the former Kaya regions including Hapch'on and Koch'ang and dominated Chinju region toward 927. The situation of Kimhae the other parts of the former Kaya regions could be known by the Illich'on Battle the entity of two enemies and the reforms in the 23th year of T'aejo. We can't say positively that Kimhae was subjugated by the Later Paekche but can say at least that the former had relation to the latter.

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